The Hubble Tension and Crisis in Cosmology.

Conventional cosmologists know they have a big problem with the standard LCDM-Big-Bang theory. They refer to this as the Hubble Tension, or more generally as the Crisis in Cosmology.

Since Edwin Hubble discovered that far galaxies exhibit light redshifted in proportion to their distances from us, it has become generally assumed that such redshifting occurs because of an expansion of the space between galaxies and hence of the entire observable universe. This implies that in the distant past all the matter and energy in the universe lay in an extraordinarily dense and compact state, perhaps even as a zero dimensional singularity, from which it expanded after some sort of a ‘big bang’.

Since the discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation by Penzias and Wilson this expanding universe/big bang theory has become regarded as confirmed with the CMBR attributed to a redshifted residue of the first light to travel freely across the universe as it cooled due to expansion.

Cosmologists, who, as a profession, seem rarely right but never in doubt, now usually stridently assert that - ‘We Know that the Universe Expands, and We Know that it began 13.8 billion years ago!’

The 13.8 billion years idea derives from calculations based on the current value of the energy of the CMBR extrapolated backwards to give a so-called Hubble Constant of expansion at ~ 67 - 78 kilometres/second/megaparsec. However, recent and increasingly precise measurements made of the apparent expansion rate using Cephid variables and type 1A Supernovae gives a rate of ~73 - 76 (km/s/Mpc) and an age of the universe of just ~ 13 billion years, not 13.8.

This discrepancy of 800 million years just won’t go away despite heroic efforts to find faults with either approach or to tinker with the smaller details of official theory without upsetting the dominant assumption of expansion. For various historical reasons the official, textbook, and public, position maintains that the universe REALLY IS expanding and 13.8bn/yrs old. Yet many cosmologists fret over the apparent discrepancy, hence the Hubble Tension or Crisis in Cosmology.

Hypersphere Cosmology proposes a radically alternative explanation of the data: -

A non-expanding, slowly vorticitating universe. finite and unbounded in space and time with a 13 billion light year antipode distance. Where redshift indicates only distance, not recession velocity and expansion. Where the CMBR arises from near antipodal and some trans antipodal starlight thermalised and redshifted on its immense journey across the universe. 

The 13 billion year spacetime antipode distance confirms the ‘age’ figure derived from Cephid Variable and Supernovae data because it uses the same observations but it processes them under a different set of hypotheses, namely that redshift shows actual distance, and that hyperspherical lensing modifies apparent distances.

All the physical principles and mathematical analyses of this hypothesis appear in the following major paper and its many appendices.

https://specularium.org/hypersphere-cosmology

Four Gigaparsecs to Antipode!

I think I have a good chance of outliving the LCDM Big-Bang Theory.

REMINDER

DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSIONS TO BOTH PUBLICATIONS  End of May 2026. 

Firstly - Chaos International 27.

We now have a UK Publisher prepared to try this as an annualbook sized publication.

We intend to preserve the ‘Alternative Magazine’ style of Chaos International.

Nothing Remains Off-Limits, Anything Considered.

We seek a variety of contributions: -

Articles about your activities and thoughts in the Esoteric, Occult, Metaphysical, and Off-White Magical fields.

Poetry, Rituals, Reviews, Prophecy, Visions, Speculation, Mad or Alternative Science, Confirmation or Falsification of Conspiracy, Satirical, Edgy and Controversial material.

Artwork (b/w) & semitones, Occult Erotica, Cartoons, Metaphysical & Visionary Imagery. Page size 190 x 240mm

We shall also include a selection of classic gems from previous editions with permission from their creators.

Contributors may advertise their services and products. Accepted contributors, whose items take up a couple of pages or more, will receive a complimentary copy, and retain their copyright on their creations. Shorter pieces, letter to the editor, one off cartoons or drawings etc, all considered.

Secondly – Another Chaos Anthology.

Following the success of ‘This is Chaos’ our American Publisher has expressed an interest in doing another anthology of a similar type.

For this we seek about 15 chapter length articles (~5.000 words) on various topics related to Chaos Magic and Philosophy.

Contributors will receive complimentary copies and a payment for accepted contributions.

Submissions –For either or both projects send either your contribution, extracts, or a proposal for a contribution to BOTH editors: -

Peter J Carroll  pete@specularium.org     Hagen Von Tulien   hagen93@online.de